The increasing industrial interest in biocatalytic processes is predominantly driven by the need for selective chemistry, with high reaction yield (Yreaction) and few side reactions, as well as the need for optically pure chiral molecules (in particularly in the pharmaceutical industry). However, ex-ante LCA should be complemented with accessible methods to evaluate the potential toxicity impacts at the early development stage to ensure safe by design. Key findings are that 1) many ESMs are often not fully or clearly described and the databases suggested are outdated 2) since most of the methods are designed to assess chemicals in general, not specifically for bio-based chemicals, the relevant environmental themes to reflect the characteristics of bio-based chemicals are often missing 3) in terms of toxicity impacts, the reviewed methods are often crude and not accurate in the coverage of toxicity aspects.Įx-ante LCA could play a more important role during the process design R&D phase.
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The outcomes of implementing the selected ESMs and ex-ante LCA at the different development stages of lactic acid were compared with those of a full LCA of the real production at commercial scale. Using the case of lactic acid in a retrospective study, its different development stages were anticipated. The aim of this paper is to review and evaluate the available early-stage assessment methods (ESM) and ex-ante life cycle assessment (LCA). Assessment methods have been developed for this purpose but they do not seem to be commonly used in Research and Development (R&D) departments.
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A remaining challenge is how to assess the sustainability and safety of a new production process while it is not yet established. This entails that safety and sustainability must be taken into account at the earliest possible development stages. Key in this transition is ‘safe and sustainable by design’. The chemical industry strives for the development of bio-based alternatives to prepare for the transition towards a sustainable biobasedeconomy. This study lays groundwork for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions, benchmarking carbon efficiency, and conducting life cycle assessment on the park level. Options to improve carbon efficiency were also discussed from three aspects. abatement of odor, chemical oxygen demand, and solid waste) results in greater CO2 emissions, which runs against protection of the global environment. The inter-firm carbon flow accounts for 3.4% of the carbon inputs in raw chemicals. The carbon efficiency of chemicals production is 69%, while the other 31% ends up in waste. Based on an analysis of 380 raw chemicals and 130 chemical products, performance of the three kinds of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other fine chemicals, and the chemical industrial park as a whole are considered and compared with similar industrial area respectively. Three common metrics, carbon efficiency, C factor, and E factor are applied to assess the performance of carbon flows. As to the total direct carbon input (0.38 million tons), 32% concern chemicals production, while the remaining 68% are related to energy conversion.
Based on five-year intensive data collection and verification, this research presents the findings one-year static carbon metabolism in a typical Chinese fine chemical industrial park. Read the case study to learn how you can make a personal connection with your customers and increase revenue with real-time marketing personalization and real-time offer decisions.Carbon metabolism of a chemical industrial park remains scarce in literature, due to overwhelming data collection workload and intricate inter-firm flow examination. And, for most marketing organizations, the financial impact is difficult to quantify. Real-Time Marketing Benefits There are a number of factors that determine whether a real-time marketing solution is effective. This solution included a central repository needed to house all offer documentation, offer decision rules, history of assigned and completed tasks, process notes and activity. Pinpoint consultants worked with a Fortune 100 retailer to apply the discipline and automation of a Marketing Resource Management system (Teradata Aprimo) to the real-time offers and interactions process.
Marketing Operations Management for Real-Time Interactions Pinpoint helped the client build a compliant system with an automated permanent record for every piece of marketing content. The company was fined millions of dollars for failing to retain a large number of securities-related electronic records in the required format, and for failing to retain certain categories of outgoing emails. Our client is a financial services company that is regulated in part by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA).